Stances



J.BBSS0. EXTRACTING GILS.

No. 66,119.V Pai-,entedJune 25, 1867.

wnsmw to@ dm iwfdffiff IMPROYBMENT -IN EXTRAGIING 'GREASESLTG FROM ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUB- dlp ,Stimuli nfrnt to in tigen itters zitrnt :un mating par( nf tigt samt.

To ALL WHoM 1T MAY coNoEnN:

Beit knownthat I, JOSEPH Besso, of Philadelphia, in the county of'vPhiladelphia,- and State'of Pennlsylvania, have-invented a new and improved Process for Extraet'ing'and Separating Grease and Oils-from Animal and Vegetable Substances; and I-'do herebydeclareith'at the fdllowingis. a,.f ull,` clean-and exact description `thereof, which will enable those skilled in 'the art to make and use the same, referencebeng had to the accompanying, drawings, forming part of this specification, in whichfi 4Figure 1 represents onerside ot' lthe apparatus of my invention for my improved process of extracting 4grease andoils frbm animal and vegetable substances, partly in section..

Figuregrepresents the opposite side oi' the same, also partlyin section. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

.Y This invention relates to an improvedV process -of separating and extracting the oils and 'fatty matter contained in unwashed wool,ibones, oil-cake, seeds, or other `animal and yegetable substances, whereby wool, especially, is thoroughly cleansed and purified, and the oil it may contain is separated' and utilized with great econmy, 'instead of being wasted and lost, at great cost, in the' ordinary method ofwasliing and cleansing w'ool with soap.

This invention consists in u'- new and im'prcved method of treating animal and vegetable substances, h`y the, application of bisnlphuret of carbon, in combination with steam, whereby the oils and fatty matters are thoroughly extracted from those substances bynieans of apparatus and operations`^therewith hereinafter more particularly described.` The apparatus I employ for this purpose is made wholly of iron, and consists of a series `of cylindersand vessels connected with each other by pipes as represented in the drawings, inwhich- A isxaiyreseryoir, for containing bisulphuret of carbon, (C 82,) in which is placed e'foroc-pnmp, B, connected bythesnpply pipe z with hollow cylinders or rctorts C C', which contain the wool vor other substance to be treatcd'or digested, and' which maybe oneor more in number as required, of any convenient size, according to theextent of operations. i The digest ng retorts C C' are provided with doors b on the top, for charging, and'at the bottom for discharging the substances treated, and these doors are fitted and packed to be as nearlyar-:tight as possible. The main supply pipe a, leading from the force-pump B, is connected with the' digestingre'torts, at the bottom ot' each, Ly branch pipes o", each of which branch pipes is provided with stopcocks. The' retorts C C' are also c onnceted'withv each other by apipe, c, running from the top of-C to'the bottom of C', and provided also with a stop-cock. The digesting retorts C C'are connected by a pipe, d, withA another hollow cylinder, D, which serves as a. still or ulembio', as subsequently explained. The pipe d and its branches, connected with thc retorts C C', are each provided -also with s,to'p-cocks lfor placing the alembiJD in communication with the rctorts C C', either 'separately on together, as may be` necessary. v AcoolenE, is connected with the alembic D by a pipe, e, that passes downV in a coil' through the cooler, as -shown in iig.,1, to a receiving vessel, F, placed below the cooler; and a cooler, E', is connected with theretorts CC' by 3A Elli-Sli ff', Vwhich also Vleads down in acoil through the cooler to a receiving vessel, F', underneathw .The receiving vessels' i F Fx are connected by pipesfj'l with another receiving vesseL-FZ, placed at alcwer level, but higher than the reservoir A, into 4which a pipe, ft, leads from it. A gasometer, G, isconnected with' the digesting retorts CC. 4by a pipe, g, which leads from the top of the retorts into the bottom of the gesometer, within which it termi A notesina coihlto serve 'as a condenser, as shown in tig. 2, and subsequently explained; The pipe g is also connected by a branch, g', with the lowest' receiving vessel F2. A steam pipe, i, leads from a steam boiler to l the digesting 'etorts C C' and th alembic D, and is provided with stop-cocks for each. 'Y l Th xnethod of operation is as follows: The reservoir A is charged with bisulphuret of carbonthrcugh the funnel'm, and thedigesting retorts C'or asman'y as may be employed, are filled with woolorfother substancel to be treated. The first retort Cin the-series et' retorts'is put in communication with the force-pump B, thestop cocks connectingthe Vpipe awith'the retort C','a.nd on the pipes above beingail. closedIexcept pipe g, the bisulphuret of carbon is then forced up to the top of the reto/rt C, and down through the piperc, to the bcttomf of C', 4thence up throughit into the-alembic D, through the pipe d, which, at the proper time, is opened to put them in comnmnieation. V The pipeg is open during this operatiomfcr'thc purpose of allowingthe `oir to pass 'Y off fromthe retorts, when they are filled ivithbisulphuret of carbon, into the gasometer G. The bisulphuret of carbon is thus forced through the wool or'other substance 4in the retorts C', and thoroughly incorporated therewith, to digest and separatel the oils und fatty inatter which pass over with the liquid under the pressure of the force-pump into the alembic D. 1 Thi.s operation is continued until the grease and-other extraneous matters are thoroughly discharged from the wool or other substance under treatment, and the liquid bi'sulphuret of carbon passes, without discoloration, into the alembic. After this operation is completed, the pipe k, which connects the'bottom of the retorts OC withthe reservoir A, is opened, and the-bisulphuret of'jcarbon remaining in the rctorts yruns back into the reservoir. The vpipe k is again closed; thepipes al and g are also cut off in their comm unicntiou with the retorts, and the pipe e', connecting them with the cooler E', is opened. Steam is then' let on througlrthe pipe h, to blow through the retorts C C and, the alembic D, which, at a temperature 'of4 45 centigrade, will convert the bisulphuret of carbon into a. gas, and carry it over in this form through the eonnectingrpjpes'c e from the retorts, and the alembic, into the coolers E E', ivhere it is condensed by cool water kept in them around the coils, and then, in a liquidform, again .'falls into the receivers F F, thence into.

the receiver F2, and back again into the reservoir A. vThe bisulphuret of carbon being heavier than Water, any excess of water o f conden'sation will Aflow ont ofthe topA of the reservoir through -an opening left for the purpose.

'The bisulphuret of carbon which may escape in a gaseousform through the pipe g into the gasometcr will be condensed therein and return by. the'branch pipe g into the receiver i The bisulphuret ci carbon is thus all separated in a gaseous form from all the substances under. treatment, after performing its work, and is returned to the reservoir in a liquid form again without material loss, when care is exercised in the operation, to be used over repeatedly-,with a fresh batch of material. The oils and fattymatters remaining inthe alembic D are to he drawn o` through `a faucet, n, provided for the purpose, (fig. 2.)

Having thus described my invention, and the means of. carrying itv into practical operation, what I claim vsms-new, and desire to' secure by Letters Patent, is I I L-The improved apparatus, consistinglof the reservoir A, the force-pumpB, lthe retorts C C,Vthe alemhic D, the condensing vessels E' E', the receiving vessels F Fl F2, the gasorneter Gr, and the steam pipe L, combined, arranged, and operating substantially as and for tho purpose herein described. i

42. The-f Orce-pump B, in combination with the reservoir and the retorts C C' arranged and operating as and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. The gasometer- G,',in combination with the pipe g and the retorts C C', arranged as and for the purposes specified. I

The above specification of my invention signed by ine this 18th day of May, 1867.

t JOSEPH BESSO.V Witnesses WM. F. McNAMARA,

ALEX. F. RoBRrs. 

